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BEGARD, KELLOGG, & PRENTISS.

Churn.

' No. 99,819. Patented Feb. 15 1870 v V i I Q I HI I J F 3 Z WWW? *cited swat H. BIGARD, E. H. KELLOGG, AND. N. A. PRENTISS, OF FOWLER, NEWYORK.

Letters Patent No. 99,819, dated February 15 1870; antedated February14, 1870.

IDIPROVBMENI IN CHURNSI The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patentand making. part of the same To all whom it may concern Be it known thatwe, H. H. BIGARD, E. H. KEL- LOGG, and N. A. PRENTISS, of Fowler, in thecounty of St. Lawrence, and State of New'York, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Chums; and we do hereby declare that the followingis va full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enableothers skilled in the art to make arid use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawing, torming part of this specification, inwhich- Figure l is a detail vertical sectio'n'of my improved churn.

Figure 2 is an under side view of the dasher, cover, and handle.

Figure 3 is a detail sectional vie'w'of the upper part of the dashershaft and its attachments.

Similar letters of reference iudicatecorresponding parts.

Our invention has for its object to furnish an improved churn, simple inconstruction and etl'ective in operation, doing its work quickly andwell; and

It consists in the construction of various parts of the churn,ale-hereinafter more fullydescribed.

A represents the body of the churn, which may be of an y desired form,preferably cylindrical, and of any desired capacity.-

To the center of the bottom of the churn A is attached'a square post,13, having a rounded or convex top, and of such a height as to not quitetouch the dasher when being operated.

O is the cover, which fits closely into a. 'rabbet in themouth of thechord A, as shown in fig. 1. In the opposite edges of the cover 0 areformed notches, which tit uponears or projections formed npouor attachedto the rabbeted month of the churn, to prevent the said cover frommoving while the churn is being operated.

D is the dasher shaft, which passes down through a hole in the centre ofthe cover 0, and to the lower end of which are securely attached .twobars, E, crossing each other at right angles at their centers.

To each arm of each of the bars E are attached the upper ends of theheaters F, which are made of such a length as to reach nearly to thebottom of the churn A, and which are made iu the manner shown in figs. land 2--that is to say, the sides of square timbers of suitable size andlcngthare plowed or grooved longitudinally with a round groove, as shownin figs. l and 2, and are arranged diagonally with the length of thebars F, as shown in fig. 2, so that as the dasher is revolved, theforward angle or edge of the heaters F may divide the cream which thegrooved sides of said heaters project, the one toward the sides of thechurn A and the other toward the center post B, throwing the said creaminto violent eddies and currents, which are interrupted and broken up,bringing the butter in a very short time.

The part of the dasher shaft D just abovethe cover 0 is made square, andupon the said square part is fitted the gear-wheel G, so that the saidgear-wheel may carry the said dasher shaft D with it in its revolution,and so that the said gear-wheel may be convenicntly detached when it isdesired to remove the cover 0. t e

The gear-wheel G is kept'in place upon the dasher shaft D by the springcatches H attached to the upper end of the said shaft, and which arepressed. into recesses in the said shalt 1) when it is desired to removethe wheel G.

1 is a gear-wheel or the segment of a gear-wheel, whichis pivoted at itscentre to the cover 0, in such a position that its teeth may mesh intothe teeth of the detachable gear-wheel G.

To the upper side of the gear-wheel I are attached two keepers, J, intowhich fits the inner end of the lever-lnmdle K, the outer end of whichvis enlarged and branched, and has a roller, L, pivoted between the endsof the said branches, as shown in tigs. l and 2, for convenience. ingrasping and operating it.

In using the churn the outer end of the lever-handle is moved back andforth horizontally, which revolves the dashcr first in one direction andthen in the other, bringing the butter in a very short time.

Having thus described our invention,

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-' 1.The combination of the springs H with the .recessed shaft D, whereby-theloose spur-wheel G is rendered easily removable and the top readilywith- 2., The combination of a series of four-sided heaters wit-hconcavefaces, arranged upon arms perpendicular to and intersecting each otherat their centers, and with points or corners which pierce and divide thecream as they passthrough their planes of rotation.

. H. H. BIG-ARI).

E. l l. KELLOGGL N. A. PRENTISS.

Witnesses:

O. L. Wien'r, ALBERT Sister.

